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據(jù)德國(guó)媒體報(bào)道,，4月1日起，歐盟牛奶配額制正式終結(jié),，奶農(nóng)們擔(dān)心乳品價(jià)格會(huì)繼續(xù)下滑,。業(yè)內(nèi)人士稱(chēng)，目前生牛乳的價(jià)格已經(jīng)低到了令很多奶農(nóng)無(wú)法支付成本的地步,。在配額制取消之后,，牛奶收購(gòu)價(jià)格可能繼續(xù)下跌,，但超市貨架上的牛奶制品價(jià)格將不會(huì)改變。
報(bào)道稱(chēng),，歐盟牛奶配額制走過(guò)了31年歷史，最初設(shè)立時(shí)的初衷是保護(hù)乳業(yè),，通過(guò)設(shè)立產(chǎn)量上限尋求供需平衡,。
上世紀(jì)70年代末和80年代初，歐洲牛奶產(chǎn)量嚴(yán)重過(guò)剩,，出現(xiàn)了所謂的“牛奶海”和“黃油山”現(xiàn)象,。當(dāng)時(shí)歐盟的前身歐共體對(duì)此采取了一些應(yīng)對(duì)措施，包括在12月出售低價(jià)的所謂“圣誕黃油”,，向前蘇聯(lián)出口黃油等,。
1984年，牛奶配額制應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,。該機(jī)制最初計(jì)劃只實(shí)行五年,，但后來(lái)又一再地被延長(zhǎng)。該機(jī)制的主旨就是限制牛奶產(chǎn)量,。奶農(nóng)只要產(chǎn)量超過(guò)相應(yīng)的規(guī)定上限,，就必須支付罰金。
根據(jù)德國(guó)聯(lián)邦農(nóng)業(yè)部的評(píng)估,，這一機(jī)制并沒(méi)有真正起到保護(hù)奶農(nóng)收入平穩(wěn)的作用,。相反，在過(guò)去30年中,，生乳每公斤的價(jià)格仍然存在幅度達(dá)到20歐分的波動(dòng),。許多小型奶農(nóng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)無(wú)法維系生計(jì)被迫關(guān)門(mén)。
歐洲奶業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)總干事,、德國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)專(zhuān)家安同（Alexander Anton）認(rèn)為,，配額制的終結(jié)不會(huì)對(duì)超市貨架上的牛奶制品價(jià)格產(chǎn)生“絲毫影響”。
歐盟委員會(huì)也持類(lèi)似觀(guān)點(diǎn),，認(rèn)為根據(jù)以往經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,，牛奶收購(gòu)價(jià)格和終端消費(fèi)價(jià)格之間并沒(méi)有必然聯(lián)系。即使奶農(nóng)將牛奶出售的價(jià)格再被壓低,，消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)的乳制品也不見(jiàn)得會(huì)變得更優(yōu)惠,。（中國(guó)進(jìn)出口網(wǎng)）
According to German media reports, from April 1, the EU milk quota system officially ended, dairy farmers are worried that prices will continue to decline. Insiders said that the current low raw milk prices have made many farmers unable to balance the cost and profit. When the quota system abolished, the milk price is likely to continue to fall, but the price of milk products on supermarket shelves will not change.
Reportedly, the EU milk quota system has gone through 31 years of history, the original intention for this system was to protect the dairy industry and seek to balance supply and demand by setting up production ceiling.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, European milk was overproduced, with the so-called "Milk Sea" and "butter mountains". The European Community (now called the European unio, EU) has taken some measures, including the sale cheap "Christmas butter" sale in December, and exporting butter to the Soviet unio.
In 1984, the milk quota system came into being. This mechanism was originally planned to function only for five years, but later was extended repeatedly. Thrust of this mechanism is to limit milk production. As long as dairy farmers’ production exceeds the upper limit, farmers must pay a penalty.
According to the assessment of the German Federal Ministry of Agriculture, this mechanism does not really play a role in the protection of steady income of farmers. On the contrary, in the past 30 years, the price per kilogram of raw milk has fluctuations of 20 euro cents. Many small dairy farms can not sustain livelihoods and be closed.
The director-General of the European Dairy Association and the German agricultural expert Alexander Anton believes that the end of the quota system has no impact on the price of milk products on supermarket shelves.
The European Commission takes a similar view that based on past experience, there is no necessary connection between the purchase price and the end consumer price of milk. Even if farmers sell milk at a lower price, dairy products bought by consumers may not become more favorable.
報(bào)道稱(chēng),，歐盟牛奶配額制走過(guò)了31年歷史，最初設(shè)立時(shí)的初衷是保護(hù)乳業(yè),，通過(guò)設(shè)立產(chǎn)量上限尋求供需平衡,。
上世紀(jì)70年代末和80年代初，歐洲牛奶產(chǎn)量嚴(yán)重過(guò)剩,，出現(xiàn)了所謂的“牛奶海”和“黃油山”現(xiàn)象,。當(dāng)時(shí)歐盟的前身歐共體對(duì)此采取了一些應(yīng)對(duì)措施，包括在12月出售低價(jià)的所謂“圣誕黃油”,，向前蘇聯(lián)出口黃油等,。
1984年，牛奶配額制應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,。該機(jī)制最初計(jì)劃只實(shí)行五年,，但后來(lái)又一再地被延長(zhǎng)。該機(jī)制的主旨就是限制牛奶產(chǎn)量,。奶農(nóng)只要產(chǎn)量超過(guò)相應(yīng)的規(guī)定上限,，就必須支付罰金。
根據(jù)德國(guó)聯(lián)邦農(nóng)業(yè)部的評(píng)估,，這一機(jī)制并沒(méi)有真正起到保護(hù)奶農(nóng)收入平穩(wěn)的作用,。相反，在過(guò)去30年中,，生乳每公斤的價(jià)格仍然存在幅度達(dá)到20歐分的波動(dòng),。許多小型奶農(nóng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)無(wú)法維系生計(jì)被迫關(guān)門(mén)。
歐洲奶業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)總干事,、德國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)專(zhuān)家安同（Alexander Anton）認(rèn)為,，配額制的終結(jié)不會(huì)對(duì)超市貨架上的牛奶制品價(jià)格產(chǎn)生“絲毫影響”。
歐盟委員會(huì)也持類(lèi)似觀(guān)點(diǎn),，認(rèn)為根據(jù)以往經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)看,，牛奶收購(gòu)價(jià)格和終端消費(fèi)價(jià)格之間并沒(méi)有必然聯(lián)系。即使奶農(nóng)將牛奶出售的價(jià)格再被壓低,，消費(fèi)者購(gòu)買(mǎi)的乳制品也不見(jiàn)得會(huì)變得更優(yōu)惠,。（中國(guó)進(jìn)出口網(wǎng)）
According to German media reports, from April 1, the EU milk quota system officially ended, dairy farmers are worried that prices will continue to decline. Insiders said that the current low raw milk prices have made many farmers unable to balance the cost and profit. When the quota system abolished, the milk price is likely to continue to fall, but the price of milk products on supermarket shelves will not change.
Reportedly, the EU milk quota system has gone through 31 years of history, the original intention for this system was to protect the dairy industry and seek to balance supply and demand by setting up production ceiling.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, European milk was overproduced, with the so-called "Milk Sea" and "butter mountains". The European Community (now called the European unio, EU) has taken some measures, including the sale cheap "Christmas butter" sale in December, and exporting butter to the Soviet unio.
In 1984, the milk quota system came into being. This mechanism was originally planned to function only for five years, but later was extended repeatedly. Thrust of this mechanism is to limit milk production. As long as dairy farmers’ production exceeds the upper limit, farmers must pay a penalty.
According to the assessment of the German Federal Ministry of Agriculture, this mechanism does not really play a role in the protection of steady income of farmers. On the contrary, in the past 30 years, the price per kilogram of raw milk has fluctuations of 20 euro cents. Many small dairy farms can not sustain livelihoods and be closed.
The director-General of the European Dairy Association and the German agricultural expert Alexander Anton believes that the end of the quota system has no impact on the price of milk products on supermarket shelves.
The European Commission takes a similar view that based on past experience, there is no necessary connection between the purchase price and the end consumer price of milk. Even if farmers sell milk at a lower price, dairy products bought by consumers may not become more favorable.
